The European Union has rejected the idea of making coronavirus contact tracing apps mandatory for international travel.

The proposal was one of a number of possible measures being put forward as a way to allow people to resume use of airlines and international train services without the risk of carrying the virus between countries …

However, reports Reuters, the EU says that the voluntary use of contact tracing apps should be encouraged by governments.

Some countries have banned passenger air travel altogether, others have applied partial bans, and yet others have implemented quarantine requirements on overseas arrivals.

Countries are rushing to develop mobile tracing apps, hoping that the smartphone technology could help to reopen borders without unleashing a second wave of the pandemic […]

The Commission, which is the EU executive, sought to allay such fears, saying that access to transport services should also not be subjected to the use of such apps.

“Contact tracing and warning measures, for example, with the use of mobile apps, could be used, on a voluntary basis, by passengers to detect and interrupt infection chains and reduce the risk of further transmission as long as transmission risks persist,” said a Commission document seen by Reuters.

Airlines are struggling to survive, and social distancing on aircraft would be completely uneconomic. Most flights need around 70% of seats filled to break even, and two-metre distancing would limit ticket sales to an absolute maximum of 20% of seats. Some have suggested that full flights should be allowed with contact tracing apps mandatory for passengers, but this has been dismissed by the EU.

Europe has been a strong proponent of ensuring compatibility of contact tracing apps used in different countries. This would require a common standard – but of course the one thing you can guarantee with standards is competing proposals, and this is no exception. Three different possible standards have been developed:

  • Pan-European Privacy Preserving Proximity Tracing (PEPP-PT)
  • Decentralised Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing (DP3T)
  • The joint Apple/Google API

So far, the Apple/Google API seems to be winning the battle, with a growing number of European countries adopting it. Even the UK, which decided against any of the standards, is now considering the possibility of adopting the API developed by the two tech giants.